| 1. |
- Brandt, Ase, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an instrument targeting mobility-related participation: Nordic cross-national reliability
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 40:9, s. 766-772
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate test-retest reliability and internal consistency of a new instrument for evaluation of mobility device interventions. Material and methods: The instrument comprised 4 scales and one summed index. Two test-retest interviews involved 147 mobility device users (mean age 60 years) with a broad range of functional limitations, living at home. Results: For 2 scales and the summed index the reliability was substantial or almost perfect (K 0.71/ K-W 0.76/intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93; confidence interval = 0.90-0.95). The reliability of one scale was moderate (K-w 0.4 1), but after reduction of grades and combination with another scale, it was substantial (K-w 0.66). The reliability of the fourth scale was moderate (K-w 0.55). The internal consistency of 3 scales varied from a 0.63 to 0.76. Conclusion: Even thou,,h the test-retest reliability of all but one of the scales of the new instrument was substantial to almost perfect, this study demonstrated that revision is required. The challenges identified were probably due to the highly complex relationship between outdoor participation while using mobility devices and accessibility to the outdoor physical environment. Thus. based on the results of this study the instrument will be revised and subsequently launched as the "Nordic mobility-related participation outcome evaluation of assistive device intervention" (NOMO instrument). More research on the concept of mobility-related participation and the psychometric qualities of the instrument is required.
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| 2. |
- Werngren-Elgström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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A 10-year follow-up study on subjective well-being and relationships to person-environment (P-E) fit and activity of daily living (ADL) dependence of older Swedish adults.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6976 .- 0167-4943. ; Sep 29, s. 16-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to investigate how well-being and ill health is affected by the process of aging, the main aim was to investigate these self-perceived aspects of health over a 10-year period among older Swedish adults. The aim was also to study how these aspects correlated with objectively assessed functional limitations, use of mobility device, person-environment (P-E) fit (also denoted accessibility), problems in housing, and activity of daily living (ADL) dependence. Using the Swedish national population register, a baseline sample of persons aged 75-84 years was identified. Out of the 133 participants at baseline (1994), the 31 participants still available 10 years later were included. The data were collected by means of interview and observation at home visits. Overall, the participants rated their subjective well-being as high and a stable prevalence of ill-health symptoms over time was reported. Changes in subjective well-being as related to changes in functional aspects seem to mainly occur earlier in the aging process, while as time goes by these relations weaken. ADL dependence, however, is more influential in more advanced age. The results confirm the complexity of the construct of health. A main contribution is that the results shed light on the importance of taking the impact of environmental factors into consideration.
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| 3. |
- Werngren-Elgström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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A Swedish prevalence study of deaf people using sign language: a prerequisite for deaf studies
- 2003
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Ingår i: Disability & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0968-7599 .- 1360-0508. ; 18:3, s. 311-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A widely used estimate claims that one per thousand individuals is deaf, but few recent studies exist on the actual prevalence. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of deaf people, defined as deaf individuals who use sign language as their main mode of communication, in the county of Scania, Sweden. To achieve high validity, data were collected from a large variety of sources including both public institutions and voluntary associations, working with deaf people. The study demonstrates a prevalence of 0.7 per thousand inhabitants, a figure considerably lower than the traditional estimate. One interpretation of this finding is that the prevalence of deafness is on the decrease. Another interpretation reflects the problem to define deafness. As prevalence figures vary with the definition used, one single estimate valid for the prevalence of deafness is not possible to make. We therefore question the traditional one-per-thousand estimate of deafness.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Werngren-Elgström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in person-environmental fit and ADL dependence among older Swedish adults. A 10-year follow-up.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Aging clinical and experimental research. - 1720-8319. ; 20:5, s. 469-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In order to investigate the relation between personal functional capacity and the physical housing environment during the aging process, the aim of this study was to give a long-term description of person-environmental fit (P-E fit) problems in terms of housing accessibility and ADL dependence among older adults, and to study their relationships at three points in time. METHODS: A 10- year longitudinal design was used: baseline (1994), follow- up 1 (2000) and follow-up 2 (2004). Using the Swedish national population register, a baseline sample of persons aged 75-84 years was identified. Of the 133 participants at baseline, the 31 participants still available at follow-up 2 were included in this study. Data on housing accessibility, functional limitations and dependence in ADL were collected by means of interviews and observations at home visits. RESULTS: P-E fit problems increased significantly between baseline and follow-up 1 and between follow-ups 1 and 2. No significant changes in overall ADL dependence were recorded. The total number of functional limitations, dependence on walking aids and P-E fit were significantly correlated to ADL dependence, at both follow-up 1 and follow-up 2, but not at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Results confirm that functional decline is a major driver toward increased ADL dependence during the aging process, whereas environmental barriers per se are not related to such disability. Instead, P-E fit is significantly related to ADL dependence, and the relationship grows stronger with advancing age.
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| 6. |
- Werngren-Elgström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday activities and social contacts among older deaf sign language users: relationships to health and well-being.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 1557-0703 .- 0966-7903. ; 13:4, s. 23-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to describe the everyday activities and social contacts among older deaf sign language users, and to investigate relationships between these phenomena and the health and well-being within this group. The study population comprised deaf sign language users, 65 years or older, in Sweden. Data collection was based on interviews in sign language, including open-ended questions covering everyday activities and social contacts as well as self-rated instruments measuring aspects of health and subjective well-being. The results demonstrated that the group of participants was homogeneous in their productive and leisure activities, regardless of gender and age. The number of productive activities was related to all aspects of health, while the number of leisure activities was related to perceived health and subjective well-being. No significant relationship was found between aspects of health and subjective well-being and the frequency of social contacts with family/relatives or visiting the deaf club and meeting friends. It is concluded that the variety of activities at the deaf clubs are important for the subjective well-being of older deaf sign language users. Further research should investigate the importance and perceived value of the various activities at the deaf clubs. When evaluating the results of this study, the fact that the total number of participants was small, and the dropout rate was high, has to be borne in mind.
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